(Un)Common Understandings

Article

(Un)Common Understandings

30.07.2026

Julius Christoph Nippert Simon Geiersbach

On 21 May 2026, the International Court of Justice (the Court) issued its opinion on the Right to Strike, for which the Court was concerned with the question of whether...

Article

Adaptation and Victim Status in ECtHR Climate Litigation

28.07.2026

Valerio Sinaj

Since 2020, 23 applications concerning climate change have been made to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). The ECtHR delivered its first climate decisions on April 9, 2024, when the...

Article

Artificial intelligence (AI) is no longer a future possibility. It is the present reality reshaping every corner of human society. From automated decision-making in criminal justice to generative models composing legal briefs, AI systems are...

Article

Wind of (Nuclear) Change

23.07.2026

Gabriel H. Heyl

Under international law, Germany is not as irrevocably barred from acquiring nuclear weapons as is commonly assumed. In certain circumstances, Germany could be released from Article 3 of the Treaty on...

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Macbeth at the International Seabed Authority

22.07.2026

Gustavo Leite Neves da Luz

Macbeth begins from a problem that law also knows well: prophecy does not merely announce the future; it reorganises the present. The Weird Sisters do not place the crown on...

Article

Of Continuous Controversies and Unfinished Tasks

21.07.2026

Hua Deng

On 15 May 2026, the International Law Commission (ILC or Commission) considered the report of its Drafting Committee on “Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction” and adopted draft articles on second...

Article

The Trillion-Dollar Frontier

20.07.2026

Michal Saliternik Sivan Shlomo-Agon

On 12 June 2026, SpaceX completed the largest initial public offering in history, raising a reported $75 billion and attaining a valuation measured in the trillions. The offering generated extraordinary...

Article

Mined out of Rights

16.07.2026

Paridhi Jain

International law has long recognised the right of Indigenous peoples to be consulted before extraction proceeds on their territories. But what happens when that right comes into conflict with a...

Article

Amnesty or Accountability?

15.07.2026

Marina Fonsêca Thiago Moreira

More than four decades after the end of Brazil's military dictatorship (1964–1985), one fundamental question remains unanswered: can those responsible for torture, enforced disappearances, and extrajudicial killings still be shielded...

Article

When Power Asymmetries Become Evident

14.07.2026

Anny Matamoros-Pineda

International law, as a set of rules, is presumed to constitute an order in which power asymmetries are constrained. Yet, the perceived “crisis” of international law reveals its foundation in...

Article

Trump’s Sanctions on Cuba Are a Crime Against Humanity

13.07.2026

Aytekin Kaan Kurtul

Can economic sanctions constitute crimes against humanity (CAH)? The proposition may appear audacious to those who deny that economy can be wielded as a weapon of aggression. Yet emerging legal...

Article

Who Are Legitimate Targets in Modern Armed Conflicts?

13.07.2026

Feyza Gül Keskin Kalyon

On 31 March, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) of Iran declared a list of eighteen American technology companies, including Palantir, Intel, Tesla, Microsoft, and Google, as “legitimate targets”. The...

Article

Digital Fiefdoms and Human Rights

10.07.2026

Dila Küçükali

The unprecedented rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and data-driven digital technologies has transformed traditional capitalism (p. 66–67), constructing a structural system of exploitation termed “technofeudalism” (p. 170–175). In this novel architecture,...

Article

From Spectators to Stakeholders

08.07.2026

Aklavya Anand

As the United Nations moves towards negotiating the world's first Convention on Crimes Against Humanity (Cah), countries of the Global South face an important choice: either shape the convention or...

Article

Winning at All Costs

07.07.2026

Mustafa Topiwala

In his Opinion in the pending NV Reibel vs JSC VO Stankoimport, Case No. C-802/24 (‘Reibel’) decision, Advocate General Biondi recalled a metaphor: the relationship between European Union (‘EU’) law and...

Article

Rethinking Custom

06.07.2026

Aakriti Rikhi

The fair and equitable treatment (‘FET’) is a prominent protection granted to a foreign investor under investment treaties. This post focuses on the formulation of FET under Article 1105 of the...

Article

A Lesson Not Learned

02.07.2026

Reza Khabook

On 17 May 2026, the World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General announced the outbreak of the Ebola disease, caused by the Bundibugyo virus in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)...

Article

In Between the Lines

01.07.2026

Gor Samvel Tejas Rao

Less than a year since the International Court of Justice (ICJ) delivered its Advisory Opinion on Obligations of States in Respect to Climate Change (Advisory Opinion), its wider implications for a...

Article

Winning the Right, Losing the Protection?

30.06.2026

Jonah Godswill

On May 21 2026, the International Court of Justice delivered its advisory opinion on the interpretation of ILO Convention No. 87, addressing whether the Convention protects a right to strike....

Article

Stuck in Between

30.06.2026

Seun Bakare

What happens when the International Criminal Court (ICC) concludes that the legal threshold for opening an investigation has been met, yet declines to take the procedural step required to initiate...

Article

Threatening the Use of Force?

29.06.2026

A Russian Human Rights Lawyer

On 5 June 2026, Law No. 149-FZ entered into force. Signed by Vladimir Putin, the law amended two foundational statutes, the Citizenship Law and the Defence Law. The amendment of the former...

Article

Platforms as Sites of Experimentation

29.06.2026

Maria Diory F. Rabajante

Two verdicts in the United States in March 2026 demonstrate that courts are increasingly willing to treat online platforms as designed systems rather than neutral conduits or editorial voices. In...

Article

Wehrhaftigkeit der EU – nach innen oder nach außen?

23.06.2026

Jakob Knapp

Die Europäische Union (EU) verhängt seit Russlands Annexion der Krim im Jahr 2014 erstmals in großem Umfang personenbezogene Sanktionen. Inzwischen sind rund 2.700 Personen und Organisationen gelistet (vgl. insbesondere Verordnung (EU)...

Article

Workers of the World, Unite… and Strike?

18.06.2026

Julia Emtseva

On 21 May 2026, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued its long-awaited Advisory Opinion (AO) on the right to strike, by ten votes to four, affirming that the right...

Article

Door-in-the-Face Trade Restrictions?

17.06.2026

Alina Friedrich

After Russia´s invasion in Ukraine, the European Union (EU) aims to “put to an end […] its dependence on Russian fossil fuels” and will place solar energy at the centre...

Article

Fair Share in Greenpeace Bonaire

16.06.2026

Renske Natté

Both the ICJ and the ECtHR have recognized 1.5°C with no or limited overshoot as the relevant benchmark for assessing states’ climate obligations. At the same time, climate litigation aimed at mitigation...

Article

Rethinking the Territorial Tort Exception in the Age of Proxy States

15.06.2026

Vaishali Patro

Recently, there has been an increase in cybercrimes (see here) and their potential to cause tortious harm. Due to the inherent nature of such actions, they have transboundary effects and...

Article

From Demarcation to Administration

12.06.2026

Alaa Assaf

How a sensor‑based art project in the Alps challenges the legal obsession with fixed demarcation, and what international law can learn from it. Borders between Alpine states were fixed along...

Article

Rationed Intelligence

08.06.2026

Shivam Kumar

Inside every modern computer, smartphone, and data centre sits a component called a semiconductor chip. It is a wafer of silicon, roughly the size of a fingernail, engraved with billions...

Article

From Iran to Zaporizhzhia

05.06.2026

Janakan Muthukumar

War around nuclear facilities is no longer a remote contingency. It is an emerging test of whether international humanitarian law (IHL) can restrain military operations before nuclear safety systems are...

Article

The Regulatory-Command Asymmetry

04.06.2026

Samuel W. Ugwumba

The urgency of reconciling the territorial limits of sovereign jurisdiction with the deterritorialised movement of data is a question of data sovereignty. Within Africa, this question is ambitiously addressed by Nigeria’s...

Article

When Same-Sex Marriage Crosses Borders

03.06.2026

Himani Jha

The CJEU’s judgment in Jakub Cupriak-Trojan and Mateusz Trojan v Wojewoda Mazowiecki (better known as Cupriak-Trojan) is one of those rare decisions that is not only welcomed as a rights...

Article

Violating Neutrality, Enabling Harm

29.05.2026

Arjun Singh Meraj Ahmad

Political neutrality occupies a central place in the constitutional architecture of international sports governance. Within the Olympic Movement, neutrality is described as a “universal fundamental ethical principle” embedded in the...

Article

Beyond Symbolic Recognition

28.05.2026

Sophie Girardini Veronika Stockinger Franziska Michel

Today, for the second year, Namibia commemorates 28 May as “Genocide Remembrance Day”. On this day in 1908, the last concentration camps that were part of Germany’s extermination policy in...

Article

One In, One Out

19.05.2026

Ganesh Prasad Manuj Gupta

Twenty-page communiqués from United Nations Special Rapporteurs loom over the United Kingdom (“UK”) and France, respectively, as the two countries advance negotiations over their reciprocal “one-in, one-out” migrant transfer agreement....

Article

Renouncing Your Way Out of Treaty Protection

18.05.2026

Davit Khachatryan

Can a claimant voluntarily renounce the treaty nationality that grounds his standing as a protected investor, mid-proceedings, and continue to pursue his claims? That question has been brought into sharp...

Article

Beyond Bilateral Notification and Consultation

15.05.2026

Advitiya Pathak

The 2025 ICJ Advisory Opinion on Climate Change at ¶299 holds that “notification and consultation are particularly warranted when an activity significantly affects collective efforts to address harm to the climate...

Article

Sovereign Equality or Equal Sovereignty

14.05.2026

Sandra Werther

Fourteen years ago, the International Court of Justice, in Jurisdictional Immunities, affirmed State immunity even for cases of jus cogens violations or human rights abuses. Yet, victims of State-caused harm continue...

Article

An Unwarranted Free Pass for Extra-EU ISDS?

12.05.2026

Nikos Braoudakis Juliette Robert

On 31 July 2025, the German Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht or ‘BVerfG’) delivered a decision that revived interest in the German Federal Court of Justice’s (Bundesgerichtshof or ‘BGH’) ruling of 12...

Article

The Limits of Liability

11.05.2026

Nigel Akilimali

Consider the following hypothetical: State A exercises jurisdiction and control over space object Ares II, which is damaged by space debris. State A seeks to attribute the damage by space...

Article

The Promise and the Limits of the Yves Rocher Judgement

08.05.2026

Pınar Kara

In March 2026, the Paris Judicial Court issued a landmark decision in the Yves Rocher case, marking one of the first instances in which a parent company was held liable...

Article

Nothing New on the Moon?

07.05.2026

Camilla S. Haake

On 2 February 2026, Elon Musk confirmed that SpaceX has acquired the billionaire’s artificial intelligence (AI) start-up xAI with the aim to ‘form an “innovation engine” putting AI, rockets, space-based...

Article

CDR (Carbon Dioxide Removal) Approaches: Friends or Foes?

04.05.2026

Manrique Naranjo Chavarría

The road towards the Paris Agreement was potholed, full of controversies and antagonizing positions of States. Ultimately, the normative value of some provisions of the Convention was left unclear (Rajamani,...

Article

From Tariffs to Sovereign Debt Distress

30.04.2026

Charles Ho Wang Mak

On 20 February 2026, the United States (‘US’) Supreme Court held in Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (‘IEEPA’) does not authorise the President...

Article

From Evidence to Assumption

30.04.2026

Ufuk Yeşil

In its judgments in Seyhan and Others, Karslı and Others and Bozyokuş and Others v. Türkiye, published on 16 December 2025, the European Court of Human Rights (the Court or...

Article

Selecting Silence? – The 2026 Secretary-General Election and Moral Authority

27.04.2026

Diliana Stoyanova

“The UN is not just a product of do-gooders. It is harshly real. The day will come when men will see the UN and what it means clearly. Everything will...

Article

When AI Rules Diverge

23.04.2026

Aryan Sharma

AI regulation is splitting across major jurisdictions. This post examines divergent AI regulations across jurisdictions, particularly in the EU, US, and China, and how such divergence generates compliance costs, liability uncertainty, and...

Article

Revisiting the UK’s 2011 Rescue of Nationals from Libya. Part II

22.04.2026

Shastikk Kumaran

The first part of this post articulated non-violent evacuation operations (NVEOs) as a specific legal category of rescue operations that are defined negatively – as those rescues which do not...

Article

Revisiting the UK’s 2011 Rescue of Nationals from Libya. Part I

22.04.2026

Shastikk Kumaran

In 2011, the UK, Germany and (seemingly) the Netherlands launched targeted rescue operations to rescue their nationals (before the passing of UNSC Resolution 1973, which authorised “all necessary measures [short...

Article

Oil Infrastructure as Military Objectives

21.04.2026

Ayesha Youssuf Abbasi

On 8 March 2026, the sky over Tehran showed almost apocalyptic scenes. Towering flames rising from fuel depots and refineries after the US-Israel-led strikes on Iranian oil infrastructure were seen...

Article

The Board of Peace Ltd.

20.04.2026

Julia Emtseva Leon Seidl

“We tried to structure this meeting like a proper board meeting, like we do in the private sector, where we have all the preparation, we get the right people together,...

Article

When Restraint Becomes Complicity

20.04.2026

Tjorben Studt

The US-Israeli attacks against Iran, launched on 28 February 2026, have plunged the Middle East into a dangerous and expanding conflict – triggering a broader factual and normative wildfire. What...

Article

Iran’s Legal Strategy in Hormuz

16.04.2026

Soheil Golchin

Geography remains Iran’s greatest wartime advantage and a key strategic asset in the ongoing 2026 conflict. The country’s rugged terrain, extensive coastline, and strategic depth in the Persian Gulf shape...

Article

The Erosion of Diplomacy, One Tweet at a Time

15.04.2026

Ananyo Mitra

It is a foundational premise of international legal theory that law between states operates through consent, reciprocity, and the sustained practice of interaction that generates customary norms. Unlike domestic legal...

Article

Humanitarian Exchange or Legal Normalisation?

13.04.2026

Anubhuti Raje

Since February 2022, the Russian Federation’s military action against Ukraine has been characterised, with unusual clarity, as a violation of one of the most fundamental norms of the international legal...

Article

The Law’s Apocalypse or the Law of Apocalypse?

10.04.2026

Soheil Ghasemi

In the early post-Cold-War years, writing about the “funeral march” of the twentieth-century history, Hungarian philosopher Ágnes Heller penned, “Man-inflicted apocalypse is the parody of apocalypse. […] Men are envious...

Article

Vergessene Menschenrechte

10.04.2026

Monika Plozza

In der Schweiz wird es als nahezu selbstverständlich vorausgesetzt, dass wirtschaftliche, soziale und kulturelle Rechte (WSK-Rechte) grundsätzlich nicht justiziabel sind. Während bürgerliche und politische Rechte – etwa die Meinungsfreiheit –...

Article

Who Pays? The Question the ICJ Didn’t (Adequately) Answer

09.04.2026

Haidy Ahmed

The recent Advisory Opinion delivered by the International Court of Justice (the Court) on the obligations of statBlog es in relation to climate change (AO) has been hailed by the...

Article

A Right to Artistic Anonymity?

08.04.2026

Vanesa Menéndez Montero

“If you want to say something and have people listen, then you have to wear a mask”. This quote, attributed to Banksy, encapsulates the street artist’s philosophy. For Banksy, anonymity...

Article

Lessons Learned from the Minab School Strike

07.04.2026

Natali Gbele

“We will unleash experimentation, eliminate bureaucratic barriers, focus our investments and demonstrate the execution approach needed to ensure we lead in military AI, [...] we will become an ‘AI-first’ warfighting...

Article

Sudanese Lion Cub Propaganda

06.04.2026

Loïc Vandeput

In early 2026, Bellingcat, an open source research collective, published an investigation regarding ‘lion cub’ propaganda in the ongoing Sudanese civil war. It shows that both parties to the conflict...

Article

Gendering the Law of the Sea

03.04.2026

Vashti Ortego

Over the past two years, international courts have entered the climate arena with unusual force. Advisory opinions from the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, the International Court...

Article

A Hungarian Bank Heist

02.04.2026

Philipp Kehl

On March 6, 2026, an incident seemingly ripped from a poorly written crime thriller created the premises for new diplomatic friction between Hungary and Ukraine. Hungarian authorities intercepted two Ukrainian armored...

Article

America-First Alternatives to International Law (AFAIL)

01.04.2026

Miloš Vec

In international law, the development of legal theories has always been a political weapon. The developments in recent months have further intensified the drama of the debates within the field...

Article

America-First Alternatives to International Law (AFAIL)

01.04.2026

Miloš Vec

Theoriebildung war im Völkerrecht schon immer ein politisches Kampfinstrument. Die Entwicklungen der vergangenen Monate haben die Dramatik der Auseinandersetzungen innerhalb der Völkerrechtswissenschaft nochmals verschärft. Eine jüngst in den USA stattgefundene,...

Article

In the Public Eye

30.03.2026

Sabeeh Khayyat

In recent years, the selective compliance and the repeated non-compliance of parties with provisional measures at the International Court of Justice have dented the legitimacy of the Court (see further...

Article

The UN in the Line of Fire

27.03.2026

Kunyang Li

On 22 October 2025, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued its advisory opinion on the Obligations of Israel in Relation to the Presence and Activities of the United Nations,...

Article

From Ambition to Dilution?

26.03.2026

Ysaline Reid Gauthier Michiels

On 25 October 2025, the European Commission (‘EC’) put forth a proposal to amend the EU Deforestation-Free Products Regulation 2023/115 (‘EUDR’). After two months of negotiations at the European Union...

Article

Tackling the Taliban’s Birth Control Ban

25.03.2026

Meraj Ahmad Arjun Singh

More than three years later, obscured by the Pakistan-Afghanistan tensions, Afghan women face a reproductive crisis that the world cannot ignore. The Taliban’s ban on access to contraceptives has had...

Article

Rebuilding the Ship of Theseus

24.03.2026

Mira Hamad

The remarks of US Secretary of State Marco Rubio at the Munich Security Conference illustrate contemporary anxieties about the “rules-based order” (RBO). Rubio declared that “[…] we can no longer place the so-called global order...

Article

Whither Rightsholders in Africa?

23.03.2026

Akinwumi Ogunranti

Globalization in the 21st century has created a governance gap that continues to have adverse effects on society, especially in Africa. Although the United Nations Human Rights Council (HRC) endorsed...

Article

Protecting UNRWA

18.03.2026

Wang Sijie

On 22 October 2025, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) published the long-awaited Advisory Opinion on the Obligations of Israel in relation to the Presence and Activities of the United...

Article

On ‘Taking Back Venezuelan Oil’

17.03.2026

Lys Kulamadayil

Even though previous U.S. administrations have certainly also pursued ‘America First’ policies, defined as the advancement of national, or rather corporate interests through U.S. foreign policy, including through overt and...

Article

Power by Other Means

12.03.2026

Rebecca Caric

Economic violence, the systematic restriction of access to economic resources, employment, property or decision-making, constitutes one of the most insidious yet concealed forms of gender-based violence (GBV). By undermining economic...

Article

Designed for Justice, Dependent on Politics

12.03.2026

Roos Fransen

In late 2025, the Council of Europe adopted the Convention establishing an International Claims Commission for Ukraine (Draft Convention), constituting a most ambitious effort to develop a reparations mechanism for...

Article

At the Twilight of the “Liberal” International Legal Order

11.03.2026

Aytekin Kaan Kurtul Onur Uraz

The operation launched by the United States in Venezuela on 3 January 2026, culminating in the abduction of President Nicolás Maduro, has already been analysed through familiar lenses: the legality...

Article

Climate Advisory Opinions and the Emergence of General Principles

10.03.2026

Anasruta Roy

On 23 July 2025, the International Court of Justice delivered its Advisory Opinion on the Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change, outlining the States’ obligations under treaty and...

Article

Who Gets to Protest, and Who Gets to Live

10.03.2026

Shiva Sharifzad Shima Esmailian

Mass protests in Iran are not isolated eruptions but recurring political events in a cycle of repression and resistance. Domestically, these protests have been met with escalating state violence, whereas...

Article

The Absent-Present: What Paragraph 456 of the ICJ Advisory Opinion Reveals About International (Climate) Law

09.03.2026

Laura Mai Irene Miano

Since its release on 23 July 2025, the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice on the Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change (the Opinion) has generated...

Article

The Bonaire Climate Case

09.03.2026

Paula Andrea Nieto Hernandez

Climate injustices are often interlinked with other historical injustices related to colonization, slavery, and their remnants which manifest in different forms of disadvantage in the lives of present and future...

Article

The ‘Trump Corollary’ to the Monroe Doctrine

28.02.2026

Heiko Meiertöns

On 2 December 2025, the White House published the National Security Strategy 2025. It contains the explicit invocation of a ‘Trump Corollary’ to the Monroe Doctrine. The US attack on Venezuela...

Article

On the Timing of Responsibility

28.02.2026

Eklavya Vasudev

In May 2021, the cargo vessel X-Press Pearl caught fire off the coast of Sri Lanka. After burning for days before eventually sinking, the ship released 70- 75 billion plastic...

Article

Head of State Immunity

27.02.2026

Miguel Manero de Lemos

According to a widespread view among scholars, heads of state and heads of government are, and have long been, entitled to an absolute personal immunity from foreign jurisdiction (here, here and...

Article

The Architecture of ICC Charges

27.02.2026

Gurgen Petrossian Pablo Gavira-Díaz

Despite two decades of jurisprudence and procedural refinement, the International Criminal Court (ICC or Court) continues to struggle with the length, complexity, and unpredictability of its proceedings. Much has been...

Article

Courageous or Naïve about the Reparations Loan for Ukraine?

25.02.2026

Christoph Turecek

The widely discussed (see here and here) legal basis for EU’s executive economic measures enshrined in Article 122(1) TFEU is commonly referred to as an “emergency clause”. Once again, this...

Article

What Makes a Lawyer a Lawyer?

24.02.2026

Adel-Naim Reyhani Mohor Fajdiga

What makes a lawyer a lawyer? The question sounds elementary, yet legal systems rarely confront it directly. Ordinarily, they need not to: the role is constituted through a familiar constellation...

Article

Interim Measures ‘Geneva Style’

13.02.2026

Gregor Kreller

In proceedings supported by the Society for Civil Rights (‘GFF’) before the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (‘Committee’ or ‘CESCR’), in mid-October 2025, Germany was provisionally requested...

Article

Chinese Legal Warfare in the Ryukyus

12.02.2026

Oliver Fujioka

On April 1, 1945, thousands of American troops landed on Okinawa, marking the brutal finale of a years-long campaign of “island hopping” against Japan. The strategy used islands as stepping...

Article

Can the US Leave the WHO?

12.02.2026

Giulia Bosi

On 20 January 2025, the day of his inauguration as the 47th President of the United States (US), Donald Trump announced his intention to withdraw the US from the World...

Article

Joint Global Efforts?

11.02.2026

Zilan Linnéa Hansen Laura Kraft

The Thirtieth Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (COP 30) was held in November 2025 in Belém, Brazil. It took place at...

Article

Fast-Tracking and Fundamental Rights

10.02.2026

Nicolò Andreotti

In recent years, the European Union has placed unprecedented emphasis on accelerating its green and industrial transitions. Two flagship instruments, the revised Renewable Energy Directive (RED III) and the Critical...

Article

The Xinjiang Cotton Conundrum

09.02.2026

Anwesha Divya Charan Hargun Dang

The t-shirt you have on now? It might have begun its journey in Xinjiang, China, an area embroiled in geopolitical and legal controversy. Over the years, there have been countless...

Article

Trump and the International Legal Order

06.02.2026

Christopher Janz

In the early hours of 3 January 2026, the United States launched “Operation Absolute Resolve”. The military attack, which reportedly cost the lives of at least 80 people, consisted of...

Article

Is an Embassy “Territory”?

06.02.2026

Beichen Ding

The concept of “territory” is foundational to international law, yet its functional meaning can shift dramatically across different legal regimes. This tension was recently scrutinised in the Spentech Engineering Limited...

Article

Intersectionality in International Human Rights Law

05.02.2026

Iurie Patricheev

In an earlier contribution, I analysed the European Court of Human Rights’ (ECtHR) usage of the concept of intersectionality to address claims of multidimensional discrimination. The main conclusion of that...

Article

Subsidiary Protection and Climate Refugees

02.02.2026

Kabir Kumar

The International Organization for Migration reports that, over recent decades, 218.6 million people have been internally displaced due to climate change, and some projections estimate that up to 1.2 billion...

Article

New Treaties, Old Outcomes

22.01.2026

Harsh Manohar

Balanced investment treaties are often sold as a solution to the legitimacy crisis of Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS). States now incorporate detailed clauses, right-to-regulate provisions, and carve-out clauses to strike...

Article

The Everyday Revolt of Bodies in Iran

21.01.2026

Shima Esmailian

Iran is currently witnessing a large-scale uprising, with women’s rights part of its demands. Yet, this struggle predates mass protests, rooted in decades of activism and everyday acts of resistance....

Article

To Regulate or Not to Regulate?

19.01.2026

Paolo Passaglia

The Digital Omnibus Regulation Proposal and the Digital Omnibus on AI Regulation Proposal, both presented on 19 November by the European Commission, are certain to attract substantial attention from commentators...

Article