International Investment Law

The Essential Security Interest (ESI) clause, despite its increasing prevalence in Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs), has been subject to conflicting interpretations by Tribunals over the last few decades. The provision...

Outer space is now a dynamic, commercialized arena, prompting economic and legal systems to reassess how value is defined beyond Earth. The rise of private actors has driven new value...

International Investment Law (IIL) has long been understood as counterproductive to adopting effective climate change policy. As IIL aims for predictable investment protection, International Climate Change Law (ICCL) requires flexibility...

This piece explores the utility of the precautionary principle as a tool available to investment tribunals tasked with assessing measures adopted by States to address climate-related risks. To date, little...