Strategic Litigation

In Germany, attempts to challenge arms exports to Israel have repeatedly failed to reach the merits. Courts have dismissed claims for lack of standing, characterised alleged harm as merely indirect,...

In February 2026, the German Federal Constitutional Court declined to admit a constitutional complaint brought by a Palestinian applicant from Gaza challenging German arms exports to Israel. While the Court...

Prior to 2024, litigation against arms export licenses constituted an infrequent legal remedy in Germany. This was caused by interconnected determinants, comprising the complex dual structure of the German arms...

Introduction In I.C. v. the Republic of Moldova, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) established that the state policy of ‘deinstitutionalisation’ of mentally handicapped people from state care institutions...